Parecoxib is a drug to relieve moderate to severe pain. This drug is usually used to reduce postoperative pain. Parecoxib is available in injectable form and should only be given by a doctor.
Parecoxib works by inhibiting the activity of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme in producing prostaglandins. If prostaglandin production is inhibited, inflammation and the accompanying symptoms, such as pain, redness, and swelling, can be reduced.
Parecoxib can relieve pain quickly. The pain relief effect of this medication can last 6 to 12 hours or longer. Although effective in relieving pain, parecoxib cannot be used to treat prolonged pain, such as arthritis.
Parecoxib trademark : Dynastat
What is Parecoxib _
| class | Prescription drug |
| Category | COX-2 inhibitor non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) . |
| Benefit | Relieves postoperative pain |
| Used by | Adults aged ≥18 years |
| Parecoxib for pregnant and lactating women |
In the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy Category C: Animal studies have shown adverse fetal effects of ibuprofen, but there have been no controlled studies in pregnant women.
Drugs should only be used if the expected benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus. In the 3rd trimester and before delivery Category D: There is evidence that the ingredients pose a risk to the human fetus, but the benefits may outweigh the risks, for example in dealing with a life-threatening situation. Parecoxib can be absorbed into breast milk so it should not be used during breastfeeding. |
| Drug form | Inject |
Precautions Before Using Parecoxib
Parecoxib should only be used if recommended by a doctor. There are several things that need to be considered before undergoing treatment with parecoxib, namely:
- Tell your doctor about any history of allergies you have. Parecoxib should not be given to people who are allergic to this drug, sulfonamide drugs, or other NSAID class drugs, such as aspirin.
- Parecoxib should not be given for pain after surgery on a vein or by bypass surgery .
- Tell your doctor if you have had or are having a heart attack, stroke, peripheral arterial disease , cerebrovascular accident, coronary heart disease , or heart failure .
- Tell your doctor if you have hypertension, high cholesterol , high triglycerides, diabetes , swelling of your feet or ankles, kidney disease, or liver disease .
- Tell your doctor if you have had or currently have digestive problems, such as stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, or colitis .
- Do not consume alcoholic beverages while undergoing treatment with parecoxib, because it can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding .
- Do not drive a vehicle or do other activities that require alertness after taking parecoxib, because this drug can cause dizziness, vertigo , and severe drowsiness.
- Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, may become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.
- Tell your doctor if you are taking aspirin, fluconazole, or any other medications, including supplements and herbal products. The goal is to anticipate drug interactions.
- Immediately consult a doctor if you experience a drug allergic reaction , or serious side effects after using parecoxib.
Dosage and Rules for Use Parecoxib
Parecoxib injections are only intended for adult patients (over 18 years of age). The doctor will give parecoxib starting from the lowest dose with the shortest possible duration of treatment.
The following is the dose of injectable parecoxib to treat postoperative pain:
- Adult: Initially 40 mg, may be continued with doses of 20–40 mg every 6–8 hours if needed. The maximum dose is 80 mg per day.
- Elderly weighing < 50 kg: Initially 20 mg. The maximum dose is 40 mg per day.
How to Use Parecoxib Properly
Parecoxib injections should only be given by a doctor or medical officer under the supervision of a doctor. Parecoxib can be injected directly into a vein or into a muscle, depending on the patient's condition. Follow the doctor's instructions while undergoing treatment with parecoxib.
You can feel the effects of parecoxib within 7–14 minutes. Tell your doctor if the pain doesn't improve or gets worse after >10 minutes so the doctor can assess your condition and find out the cause.
Tell your doctor if your pain has improved or gone after more than 12 hours since parecoxib administration. You may not need an additional dose.
The doctor will monitor the patient's blood pressure after injecting parecoxib. In addition, the doctor will also carry out periodic checks, such as kidney and liver function tests, as well as complete blood tests, while the patient is undergoing treatment with parecoxib.
Parecoxib Interactions with Other Drugs
Interaction effects that can occur if parecoxib is used simultaneously with certain drugs include:
- Increased risk of dangerous side effects, in the form of injuries and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract when used with aspirin
- Increased risk of side effects of parecoxib when used with fluconazole or ketoconazole
- Increased risk of bleeding when used with warfarin or other anticoagulant drugs, such as apixaban and dabigatran
- Increased risk of kidney damage if used with ciclosporin, tacrolimus , or ACE inhibitor or ARB antihypertensive drugs
- Increased risk of side effects from the drugs dextromethorphan or omeprazole
- Decreased effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs ACE inhibitors , ARBs, beta blockers, or diuretics
Parecoxib Side Effects and Dangers
Side effects that may occur after using injectable parecoxib include:
- Dizziness or vertigo
- Severe drowsiness after receiving the drug
- Difficult to sleep at night
- Nervous
- Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, heartburn , flatulence
- back pain
- Swelling in the hands or feet
- Pharyngitis or sore throat
- Excessive sweating ( hyperhidrosis )
- Numbness or numbness
Tell your doctor if these side effects persist or get worse. Immediately consult a doctor if an allergic reaction occurs after using injectable parecoxib, or experiences the following serious side effects:
- Bleeding in the stomach or intestines, which can be marked by vomiting blood, vomiting like coffee grounds, bloody bowel movements , or black stools like tar
- Signs of a heart attack , such as chest pain that can radiate to the neck, jaw, arms, or back, chest feeling like it's being crushed, nausea, cold sweats, or shortness of breath
- Stroke symptoms , such as a severe headache, weakness or numbness on one side of the body, or sudden slurred speech
- Severe hypotension, which can be characterized by severe dizziness, blurred vision, feeling unsteady, or fainting
- Acute kidney failure , which is characterized by decreased amount of urine and frequency of urination, swelling in the legs (edema), heart rhythm disturbances, tremors, or seizures
- Worsening of hypertension, which is characterized by high blood pressure, headaches, nosebleeds, ringing in the ears, or visual disturbances