Acne is a skin problem that occurs when the skin pores, hair follicles to be precise, are clogged with dirt, dust, oil, or dead skin cells. As a result, inflammation occurs in these pores and can also be accompanied by infection. Acne often appears on the face, neck, back or chest.
Acne is also called acne vulgaris . Anyone can experience this skin problem, but generally it first appears during puberty , at the age of 10–18 years. Acne conditions tend to be more severe in teenage boys and people with oily skin types .
Acne is a very common skin problem, especially in people aged 11–30 years. In fact, almost everyone has experienced acne.
Causes and Symptoms of Acne
Acne is caused by blockages in the pores of the skin, precisely at the roots of the hair (hair follicles). In the hair follicles, there are oil glands (sebaceous glands ) which normally produce oil ( sebum ) to keep moisture and protect the skin.
Acne occurs when these oil outlets are blocked due to excessive oil production, a buildup of dead skin cells, or a bacterial infection.
Acne appears in the form of blackheads or lumps on areas of the skin that have a lot of hair follicles, such as the face, neck, shoulders, chest and back. The shape and size of acne depends on its severity, ranging from blackheads or whiteheads , small reddish bumps (papules and pustules), to large pus-filled lumps (cysts).
Blackheads are usually painless. Conversely, pimples in the form of large bumps can be painful when touched.
Acne Treatment and Prevention
Acne treatment is adjusted to the severity of the condition. Acne treatment is divided into two, namely administering drugs to treat or get rid of acne, and aesthetic therapy to help treat acne and improve skin appearance.
Acne medications can be in the form of topical medications containing tretinoin or benzoyl peroxide , isotretinoin, oral antibiotics , and hormone therapy.
While aesthetic therapy for acne can be in the form of chemical peels , laser therapy, and blackhead removal. Laser therapy and microdermabrasion can also be used to treat acne scars.
The way to prevent acne is to regularly clean your face, body and hair using a facial cleanser , body wash or shampoo that is suitable for your skin or hair type. Acne can also be prevented by using non - comedogenic skincare and cosmetic products , adopting a healthy diet, and managing stress properly.