Polio vaccine is a vaccine given to prevent poliomyelitis or polio. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia stipulates that the polio vaccine is a type of vaccine that must be given to children.
There are two types of polio vaccine, namely oral polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). OPV contains live attenuated polio virus, whereas IPV uses inactivated virus. In Indonesia, the type of OPV used is the bOPV type, which is a type of bivalent oral polio vaccine.
This vaccine works by triggering the body to form antibodies that can fight polio virus infection.
Polio vaccine trademarks: Imovax Polio, Inactivated Poliomyelitis Vaccine (IPV), Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine Types 1 & 3, Trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (Sabin)
What is Polio Vaccine
| class | Prescription drug |
| Category | Vaccine |
| Benefit | Prevent polio |
| Used by | Adults and children |
| Polio vaccine for pregnant and lactating women |
Category C: Studies in experimental animals show an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women. The drug should only be used if the expected benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether the polio vaccine is absorbed into breast milk or not. If you are breastfeeding, do not use this medicine without consulting your doctor first. |
| Drug form | Injections and mouth drops |
Warning Before Receiving Polio Vaccine
The polio vaccine will be given by a doctor or medical officer at a health facility. Pay attention to the following points before getting vaccinated with the polio vaccine:
- Tell your doctor about any allergies you or your child have, including if you are allergic to formalin, neomycin, streptomycin, or polymixin B. Polio vaccine should not be given to people who are allergic to any of the ingredients in these vaccines.
- Tell your doctor if you have a fever or are suffering from an infection. Administering the polio vaccine will be postponed until your condition recovers.
- Tell the doctor if you or your child have or currently have Guillain-Barre syndrome .
- Tell your doctor if you or your child has a weakened immune system due to HIV/AIDS or long-term use of immunosuppressant drugs.
- Tell your doctor if you or your child are using any medications, supplements or herbal products.
- See a doctor immediately if you have an allergic reaction or serious side effects after getting the polio vaccine injection.
Polio Vaccine Dosage and Schedule
In accordance with the immunization schedule issued by the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI), the polio vaccine is one of the vaccines that must be given to children. Polio vaccine for children will be given 4 times and 1 booster vaccine .
Following are the polio vaccine doses based on the patient's age:
Children
As primary immunization , the dose is 0.5 ml. The first dose is given to babies shortly after birth in the form of oral drops (OPV). Subsequent vaccines are given at the age of 2 months, 3 months, and 4 months. The booster vaccine is given when the child is 18 months old.
Mature
Generally, the polio vaccine has been given to children. However, in adults who have never received the vaccine, 3 doses can be given, 0.5 ml injected through the muscle (intramuscular/IM) or under the skin (subcutaneous/SC).
The first two doses are given 1–2 months apart, and the third dose 6–12 months after the second dose.
How to give polio vaccine
Always follow the doctor 's instructions and recommendations before receiving the polio vaccine. The polio vaccine is one of the vaccines that must be given to children.
The polio vaccine will be given directly by a doctor or health worker under the supervision of a doctor at a health facility (faskes). Follow the injection schedule given by the doctor.
Polio in the form of mouth drops (OPV) was given to babies shortly after birth. Furthermore, advanced OPV or IPV can be given by injection into the muscle (intramuscular/IM) or under the skin (subcutaneous/SC).
IPV is recommended to be given 2 times before the age of 1 year. In Indonesia, the schedule for giving the polio vaccine can be done together with the schedule for giving other vaccines, such as DPT.
Polio vaccine administration must be according to a predetermined schedule so that the vaccine can work more effectively. The child must get the entire prescribed dose. If your child misses a dose, see the doctor immediately for the missed dose.
Polio Vaccine Interactions with Other Drugs
If used with immunoglobulin or drugs that have an immunosuppressive effect (immunosuppressants), including corticosteroid drugs , the effectiveness of the polio vaccine will decrease. To be safe, tell your doctor about any medications, supplements, or herbal products you or your child are taking before getting vaccinated.
Polio Vaccine Side Effects and Dangers
Some of the side effects that can appear after getting a polio vaccine injection are:
- Dizzy
- Pain or redness at the injection site
- Ringing ears
- Fever
- The child is fussy or looks tired
- Vomit
Tell your doctor if you or your child have had an allergic reaction or a more serious side effect, such as high fever, severe drowsiness, fainting, or seizures , after receiving the polio vaccine.