Sinusitis is an inflammation of the lining of the sinuses, which is generally characterized by a runny nose, stuffy nose and pain in the facial area. This condition can last for weeks, months, or even years.

Sinuses are small cavities connected to each other by means of air passages within the skull. This small cavity is located behind the forehead ( frontal ) bone, the inside of the cheekbone structure ( maxillary ), both sides of the bridge of the nose ( ethmoidal ), and behind the eyes ( sphenoidalis ).

The sinuses produce mucus which functions to filter and clean bacteria or other particles in the inhaled air. The sinuses also function to help control the temperature and humidity of the inhaled air.

Sinusitis Type

Sinusitis is divided into four types, based on the duration of the condition, namely:

• Acute sinusitis, which lasts 2–4 weeks, is most common
• Subacute sinusitis, which lasts 4–12 weeks
• Chronic sinusitis, which lasts longer than 12 weeks, and can continue for months or even years
• Recurrent sinusitis, which occurs three or more times a year

Causes and Symptoms of Sinusitis

Sinusitis is caused by inflammation of the lining of the sinuses. This inflammation generally occurs as a result of a viral infection or allergy. As a result, the sinuses produce a lot of mucus which causes blockages.

Other conditions that can cause sinusitis are nasal polyps, deviated nasal bones (septal deviation), cystic fibrosis , and weak immune system.

Both acute sinusitis and chronic sinusitis can cause similar symptoms, namely:

• Have a cold
• Nasal congestion
• Pain in the face
• Decreased sense of smell

Sinusitis Treatment and Prevention

Treatment of sinusitis depends on the type, but generally with medication. If the drugs are not effective, the doctor will perform surgery.

Sinusitis can be prevented by reducing the risk of this condition occurring, namely by avoiding exposure to allergy-triggering substances (allergens), wearing masks properly , not smoking, and avoiding contact with sick people.