Angina or angina sits is chest pain that arises as a result of a disturbance in blood flow to the heart muscle tissue. Chest pain due to sitting wind is often similar to chest pain due to other diseases.
Symptoms of wind sitting in the form of chest pain like being crushed or pressed. These complaints appear more often when the sufferer is active, that is, when the heart pumps blood faster.
Sitting winds can be treated with medication from a doctor and by living a healthy lifestyle. If handled properly, people with angina can avoid serious complications.
Causes of Sitting Wind (Angina)
Sitting winds ( angina pectoris ) occur when the blood vessels of the heart (coronary) experience narrowing. The heart's blood vessels function to carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle, so that the heart can pump blood properly.
When the coronary vessels narrow, the supply of oxygen to the heart muscle will be disrupted so that the heart cannot pump blood optimally. This condition is also known as coronary heart disease .
The cause of coronary heart disease is the formation of plaque or fatty deposits in the coronary arteries ( atherosclerosis ). The narrowed blood vessels can narrow even more when the patient is doing activities.
Sitting angina can also appear when the coronary arteries narrow for a moment, because the blood vessel muscles are tensed (variant angina). This sitting wind can occur at any time, even when resting.
There are a number of factors that can increase the risk of coronary heart disease, including:
- High cholesterol
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- stress
- Obesity
- Smoking habit
- Lack of exercise
- History of wind sits in the family
- Age 45 and over in men or 55 years and over in women
- Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages
Sitting Wind Symptoms
The main symptom of angina is chest pain that feels like being crushed or pressed by a heavy object. Pain caused by wind sitting can spread to other parts of the body, such as the neck, arms, shoulders, back, jaw, and teeth. In women, sometimes chest pain can feel like being stabbed by a sharp object.
Some other symptoms that can accompany chest pain in sitting winds or angina are:
- A cold sweat
- Nauseous
- Dizzy
- Weak
- Hard to breathe
Symptoms of sitting winds more often arise during activities and subside or disappear when resting or taking medication. This type of sitting wind is called a steady sitting wind.
In certain cases, angina does not go away even after resting and taking medicine, or it occurs when you are resting. This type of sitting wind is called an unstable sitting wind.
When to see a doctor
Get checked and treated by a doctor if you have diabetes or hypertension, which are risk factors for coronary heart disease.
If you have symptoms of angina, see a doctor to have your condition treated immediately. Patients who experience symptoms of unstable sitting winds should be immediately taken to the emergency department (ER) of the nearest hospital, because they are at risk of having a heart attack.
Diagnosis of angina (angina)
As a first step, the doctor will examine the symptoms that appear in the patient. The doctor will also ask about the history of the symptoms, such as when the symptoms appeared, and whether they appear periodically or suddenly. In addition, the doctor will also ask about the patient's family medical history.
The examination was then continued by measuring body weight and blood pressure. To find out the cause of the appearance of sitting winds, the doctor can also carry out the following examinations:
-
Electrocardiography ( EKG )
EKG aims to observe the rhythm of the heart's electrical currents, which can be problematic when the patient has coronary heart disease. An EKG can be done when you are not active or while doing physical activity, such as walking on a treadmill or pedaling a stationary bicycle. -
Echocardiography This test aims
to observe the structure of the heart using sound waves. Echocardiography can show abnormalities in the structure of the heart, such as damage to the heart muscle. -
Cardiac catheterization Cardiac
catheterization aims to see the coronary arteries of the heart. This procedure is carried out using X-ray photos assisted by injecting dye into the blood vessels. -
CT scan
CT scan is done to show a picture of the structure and abnormalities in the heart.
If the patient has unstable sitting angina, the doctor will examine the presence of cardiac enzymes in the blood, which is a sign of damage to the heart organs due to a heart attack.
In addition, blood tests can be done to determine sugar levels, cholesterol, and kidney function , as well as to determine risk factors and determine which drugs to give.
Wind Treatment Sitting in the Hospital
Sitting winds are most often caused by coronary heart disease. Therefore, the doctor will prescribe drugs for coronary heart disease, including:
-
Nitrates
This drug functions to relax stiff blood vessels so that blood can flow smoothly to the muscles. One example of this type of drug is nitroglycerin . -
Blood thinners.
These drugs work to prevent blood cells from clumping together. Some examples of drugs from this class are aspirin , clopidogrel, and ticagrelor . -
Calcium
antagonists Calcium antagonists can improve heart blood flow and prevent angina. This drug is also able to relax the muscle cells in the walls of blood vessels. Some examples of drugs from this class are amlodipine and diltiazem. -
Beta
blockers Beta blockers reduce blood pressure and heart rate. That way, the heart's workload is reduced. -
ACE inhibitors
ACE inhibitors work to dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure. -
Statins
These drugs aim to lower cholesterol in the blood so that damage to blood vessels can be prevented.
Sometimes, the narrowing of the heart arteries that causes angina can no longer be treated with medication. In this condition, special actions are needed by a cardiologist to prevent a heart attack, namely:
-
Cardiac ring insertion This
procedure aims to improve blood flow. The trick is to widen the narrowed part of the blood vessel, then install a ring-like device in that part so that it doesn't narrow again. -
Heart bypass surgery Heart bypass
surgery aims to reroute the narrowed blood flow by creating alternative blood vessels. These blood vessels can be taken from other parts of the body.
Sitting Wind Additional Treatment
To reduce the severity of symptoms and reduce the risk of heart attack, sufferers need to live a healthy lifestyle and leave bad habits that can trigger coronary heart disease. The recommended healthy lifestyle is:
- Eat a balanced nutritious diet
- Eat foods that contain lots of fiber , such as fruit, vegetables, and whole grains
- Limit consumption of foods that contain saturated fat
- Do not eat more than the portion or calories needed by the body
- Get enough sleep, ie 6-8 hours a day
- Manage stress well
- Maintain ideal body weight
- Limit consumption of alcoholic beverages
- Do not smoke
In addition, diabetics are advised to maintain their blood sugar levels within normal limits. While people with sleep apnea , it is recommended to consult a doctor to get treatment.
Sitting Wind Complications
Sitting winds can cause dangerous complications, namely heart attacks. Heart attack is an emergency condition that must be treated immediately. Therefore, immediately go to the nearest hospital emergency room if you experience symptoms of a heart attack .
Sitting Wind Prevention
Sitting winds can be prevented in the following ways:
- Exercising regularly, such as cycling leisurely, walking, or swimming
- Eat heart-healthy foods, especially foods that contain fiber and unsaturated fats, such as vegetables, fruits, tuna and olive oil
- Avoid consuming foods that are high in salt and saturated fat , such as coconut milk, fried foods, cheese and butter
- Maintain ideal body weight
- Avoid consuming alcoholic beverages
- Do not smoke